Interstitial Cystitis (IC) / Bladdar Pain Syndrome

IC often called Bladdar Pain Syndrome is characterised by symptoms including urinary urgency and frequency and, especially, lower abdominal discomfort when the bladder is full, with some relief of pain on passing urine. The cause of IC is not fully understood but contributory factors may include dietary triggers, problems with the normal lining of the bladder, changes in nerves within the bladder and abnormal function of the immune system.

Treatment options

In some people the symptoms are quite minor, in others they are much more severe and debilitating, and in others they can fluctuate between extremes. There are many effective treatments available, ranging from lifestyle and dietary advice, to medications (some taken by mouth and some put into the bladder), to bladder Botox injections. Occasionally, more invasive treatments and operations are required.

It is important for these symptoms to be assessed and addressed early on. People often respond differently to the various treatments so it is important for management to be individualised.

Stress incontinence

This is leakage of urine on coughing, laughing or physical activity. It is due to weakness of the tissues supporting the base of the bladder.

Treatment options

It can usually be improved with treatment from a specialist physiotherapist. Some people require surgery, though, and there are several options here. Most patients’ symptoms are improved significantly by these procedures but it is important that the operation is performed a surgeon who has undergone specific training and has established experience in this area. Mr Yardy is a member of the United Kingdom Continence Society and has been performing surgery for incontinence since 2008.

Urethral bulking agents such as Bulkamid

This is a less invasive treatment for female stress urinary incontinence. It involves injections of polyacrylamide gel into the bladder neck to decrease leakage. This treatment is particularly appropriate for women who would prefer to avoid surgery with artificial mesh / tape, or who wish to consider future vaginal childbirth.